Molecular Polarity 試題分解

1.          DSE/13/1B/2

Both BF₃ and NH₃ exist as simple molecules.

(a)    For each of these molecules, draw its three-dimensional structure.

BF₃

NH­₃

(2 marks)

(b)    For each of these molecules, explain whether or not it is polar.

(2 marks)

(c)    BF₃ reacts with NH₃ to give F₃BNH₃. Describe the bond formation between BF₃ and NH₃.

(2 marks)

Exception of Octet Rule & Non-Octet Structure of Molecules

之前介紹過物質要組成穩定的物質其原子的最外層電子須有8粒電子，這規律稱為Octet Rule(至於H, He, Li及Be要穩定其原子之最外層電子數量應為2，又稱Duplet Rule)。但部分物質不需要符合以上規律一樣可以穩定，其結構稱為Non-octet structure。這些物質可根據其中心原子(central atom)的電子結構分為三類︰

1.          最外層電子少於8粒，例如BeCl₂及BCl₃︰